Creation+of+Sedimentary+Rocks


 * Content Objective:** The student is expected to explore the processes that led to the formation of sedimentary rocks and fossil fuels. (5.7A)
 * Language Objective:** The student is expected to respond orally to information presented in a wide variety of print, electronic, audio, and visual media to build and reinforce concept and language attainment. (ELP 3J)


 * ENGAGE**: 20 minutes
 * Divide students into groups of 3-5 students.
 * Provide each group with a water source, a syringe and a 5 mL scoop.
 * Provide each child with a test tube. Have each student add 25 mL of water to the syringe. (Adjust mL of water to accomdate the test tube as needed)
 * Have each cap their test tube __//tightly//__ and shake it up. As they are shaking, ask them to predict what will happen when they stop shaking it.
 * Did we create a solution? Why or why not?
 * Why did the sand settle to the bottom?
 * What do we call this?

Mailbox Activity: Settlin' Down
 * EXPLORE**: 20 minutes

Cloze Notes
 * Review the defintion of //__deposition__//: settling of materials after erosion.
 * Prediction: What will happen to rock particles of different sizes when they are deposited by water?
 * QuickWrite (SIOP pg. 30): When different sized rock particles are deposited by water, ....
 * Experiment:
 * Mix equal amounts sand, gravel, and pebbles in a jar.
 * Add water until the jar is 3/4 full.
 * Secure the lid on the jar.
 * Shake the jar carefully until the contents are thoroughly mixed.
 * Allow the contents to settle.
 * (Good time for a restroom break or other small activity to allow the materials to settle)
 * QuickWrite (SIOP pg. 30)
 * When the jar was set down, the solid material in the jar...
 * The layers on the bottom are different because...
 * This experiment is like deposition in rivers and streams because...
 * EXPLAIN**: 20 minutes


 * ELABORATE**: 30 minutes (Science Lab)
 * Give each group of students 1/3 of 1 stick of clay. (Be sure to mix colors.....do not have opposing tables (1 and 2, 3 and 4, 5 and 6) with the same colors).
 * The first two tables (1 and 2) are assigned to be wind. Students are to make noises to simulate the wind. As they do so, they need to "weather" (break into small pieces) the clay on their table.
 * The second set of tables (3 and 4) are assigned to be running water. Students are to make noises like a river or ocean. As they do so, they need to "weather" (break into small pieces) the clay on their table.
 * The third set of tables (5 and 6) are assigned to be ice. (You may need to teach glaciers here if you haven't already). Glaciers move //__very__// slowly, so students will need to very slowly "weather" (break into small pieces) the clay on their table.
 * After all "rock" (clay) has been "weathered" (broken into small pieces) then "erosion" will occur.
 * Groups 1 and 2 //__only__// will continue to portray wind as they move their set of weathered clay from their table to the opposite table. (1 moves to 2 and 2 moves to 1). Students then sit back at their original table.
 * Continue with tables 3 and 4 portraying water and moving clay.
 * Continue with tables 5 and 6 portraing glaciers and //__slowly__// moving clay.
 * To model deposition, gather all clay in a cup -- empty yogurt containers work great!! Put all "weathered sediment" from table one into the bottom of the cup. Add all sediment from table two. Continue to add sediment from each table. Press down to cement pieces together. When all sediment is in the container, cut the container apart to reveal the sedimentary rock that has been created from sediment. Have students note the layers (shown by the colors of the clay.)

Mailbox Activity: Create a Conglomerate
 * EXTEND (OPTIONAL):** 20 minutes


 * Teach //__sedimentary rocks__//: rocks created over time by sediment that has been compacted (pressed) and cemented (glued) together
 * Experiment:
 * Fill a paper cup with small rocks and pebbles.
 * In a bowl combine 1/2 c. plaster of paris and 1/4 c. water.
 * Stir it with a spoon until it is the consistency of pancake batter.
 * Shape the mixture into a ball and place it on wax paper. Push the rocks and pebbles into the mixture.